The principle goal is to assist clinicians who look after people with epilepsy anywhere in the world. Temporal lobe epilepsy research papers on the chronic. To avoid the influence of pathological and localisation differences, we included only patients suffering from medial tle mtle. Tle is a kind of epilepsy caused by abnormal electrical activity in the temporal area of. Little is known about the effects of ongoing tle on neural functioning. Some doctors believe in the existence of a distinct temporal lobe epilepsy personality. Citescore values are based on citation counts in a given year e. The diagnosis of temporallobe epilepsy was established clinically on the basis of the course of the seizure. T emporal lobe epilepsy tle is the commonest form of focal epilepsy and repr esents almost 23 of cases of int ractable epilepsy managed surg ically. Epilepsy is a common, sometimes chronic, condition with physical risks and psychological and socioeconomic consequences which impair quality of life.
I had a premonition of 911 for two months before it happened, premonition of where a burglar pawned jewlry, and lots othersall my life. Focal seizures are the most common form of seizure in adults and one of the most common forms of seizures in children. Available formats pdf please select a format to send. Definition of epilepsy 2014 this important document marks a new era for the league, as we can truly say that this set of definitions was a work of our community. Books on epilepsy international league against epilepsy. Extratemporal cortical resection may be an option for people with epilepsy whose seizures are disabling andor not controlled by medications, or when the side effects of the medication are severe.
How to transport this information in to the clinic room with less severe epilepsies is a challenge and one that is helped with clear clinical data. Semiology of temporal lobe seizures that occur during sleep or wake seem to reliably show the same lateralizing features in individual patients. Temporal lobe epilepsy is the type of epilepsy that accounts for the most common form of seizures called focal seizures. In this article, well take a look at an interesting and often overlooked question surrounding this seizure disorder. No tumour or gross vascular malformation had been recognized.
Cardiac arrhythmias and asystole are known to complicate temporal lobe seizures. Adpeaf is a familial temporal lobe epilepsy syndrome that is characterized by auditory features as described in the case vignette. The first epileptic seizure often occurs after a variable latency period. The automatisms of mediobasal temporal lobe epilepsy are typically less violent than in frontal lobe seizures, and are usually oroalimentary lipsmacking, chewing, swallowing, or gestural e. Little is known about the epidemiology of tle, because it requires advanced neuroimaging, positive eeg, and appropriate clinical semiology to confirm the. The main aim of epilepsy journal is to provide the knowledge on epilepsy globally to the readers, promote and encourage research on epilepsy and also provides the latest updates on diagnosis, treatment and management of people with epilepsy. It is certainly, by far, the most common form of epilepsy that we have seen in epilepsy centers where we operate, and it is the major focus of attention of basic scientists at this point. However, keeping up with the books that are available is no easy task.
However, the damage is not limited to those structures with atrophy and has been reported in extratemporal regions. The journal is intended to provide a forum for reporting the best and most rigorous. Temporal lobe epilepsy, benign rolandic epilepsy and other. They are involved in recognition and processing of sound, language and smells and play a key role in the formation of memory. Amnesia is the rule for the blank spell and the automatism.
Secondary generalisation is much less common than in extratemporal lobe epilepsy. Temporal lobe epilepsy after refractory status epilepticus. Temporal lobe epilepsy tle is the most common type of partial epilepsy, with often characteristic imaging and clinical findings. It can be hard for people with tle to become completely seizure free with seizure medicines alone, though medicines may lower the number of seizures. The premonitons i have are not the typical kind that others with epilepsy have. For many years it has been held that these lesions may be related to complicated febrile convulsions in childhood but the association is based on retrospective data and a causeandeffect relationship has not been proved. The most common cause of temporal lobe epilepsy is mesial temporal sclerosis, a pattern of cell loss in the hippocampus.
It encompasses many disorders that are best characterized by recurrent and unprovoked seizures. Temporal plus epilepsy is a major determinant of temporal. A few people with epilepsy experience psychosis losing contact with reality. Cbd medication reduces seizures in children on multiple antiepileptic drugs, researchers find. The progression of temporal lobe epilepsy tle is related to epileptic seizure characteristics, typically seizure frequency and lateralization. The term temporal lobe epilepsy tle was included in the classification of the ilae in. Besides its tendency to induce hallucinations and other disturbing stimuli, epilepsy has been linked to a condition called hypergraphia, an allconsuming desire to write. Temporal lobe epilepsy tle is the most common form of adult localizationrelated epilepsy. Frontal lobe epilepsy involves disturbances in motor and behavioral centers in the brain. The ilae welcomes you to, a cutting edge online diagnostic manual of the epilepsies.
Lobe simply means rounded or sticking out area and temporal comes from the latin for time. Dec 22, 2017 the temporal lobe is the most epileptogenic region of the brain. Temporal lobe epilepsy tle is a chronic disorder of the nervous system characterized by recurrent, unprovoked focal seizures that originate in the temporal lobe of the brain and last about one or two minutes. Temporal lobe epilepsy tle is the most common form of focal partial epilepsy. They often have failed to find neurons that are firing either with interictal discharges or seizures. Epilepsy journal accepts manuscripts in clinical epilepsy, brain epilepsy, epilepsy syndromes, seizures. The answer shows that the same malady that endangered the health of these writers may also have helped their writing. The definition of epilepsy requires the occurrence of at least one epileptic seizure.
Temporal lobe epilepsy tle is the most prevalent form of complex partial seizures with temporal lobe origin of electrical abnormality. Patients often complain of poor memory for recent events, and this may get worse as the epilepsy continues. Mediotemporal lobe mtl epilepsy mtle is particularly frequent among human localisation related epilepsies. Why were there so many great writers with epilepsy. Frontal lobe epilepsy is the term for recurring seizures beginning in the frontal lobe the area of the brain behind the forehead. High similarity between eeg from subcutaneous and proximate scalp electrodes in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy sigge weisdorf, sirin w. We discuss the possible pathophysiological mechanisms by which refractory seizures may contribute to the development of temporal lobe epilepsy tle.
Temporal lobe pathology is associated with critical illness via a variety of mechanisms. The differentiation of frontal lobe epilepsy fle and temporal lobe epilepsy tle is a clinical problem of major theoretical and practical importance. The goal of is to make available, in an easy to understand form, latest concepts relating to seizures and the epilepsies. It represents a gene therapy capable of suppressing seizures at their site of. Evidence from previous volumetric magnetic resonance studies has revealed that patients with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy show atrophy of distinct subcortical nuclei, predominantly ipsilateral to the focus side.
Temporal lobe epilepsy list of high impact articles. Current electroclinical classification is based on retrospective studies of highly selected patients. This selection of epilepsy case studies will inform and challenge clinicians at all stages in their careers. The new england journal of medicine campus life services. Pathologic findings in surgical resections from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy include a wide range of diagnostic possibilities that can be categorized into different groups on the basis of etiology. Mesial temporal sclerosis is the most common lesion found in adults with temporal lobe epilepsy. Temporal lobe epilepsy focal partial seizures epilepsy. Across different studies, patients with temporal lobe epilepsy tle demonstrate impairments on numerous measures of attentional control that are classically associated with frontal lobe functioning.
View temporal lobe epilepsy research papers on academia. For patients who had mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and disabling seizures for no more than 2 consecutive years following adequate trials of 2 brandname aeds, engel et al found that resective surgery plus aed treatment resulted in a. Brain of those with epilepsy reacts differently to music. The presence of a focal brain lesion on magnetic resonance imaging mri is one of the most reliable independent predictors of a good postoperative seizure outcome 3. Neuropsychological deficits in temporal lobe epilepsy. Aug 08, 2018 home news brain of those with epilepsy reacts differently to music. Secondary generalization occurs more frequently in temporal lobe seizures occurring during sleep. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. In fact, 90% of patients with temporal interictal epileptiform abnormalities on their electroencephalograms eegs have a history of seizures. The temporal lobe is a region of the cerebral cortex on both hemispheres of the brain located approximately at the level of the ears. This slide from bragin shows some more recent work. Electroencephalographic features of temporal lobe epilepsy.
The features of temporal lobe epilepsy are extremely diverse. Mtle accompanied by hippocampal sclerosis hs is a unique, homogenous epilepsy syndrome. Epilepsy classi cation, eeg analysis, and eegfmri fusion. Tle is the most common form of epilepsy with focal seizures. The temporal lobe controls emotion and memory, so seizures often distort these two things. There has been a steady increase in the number of books published that are relevant to epilepsy that members of the league will likely find useful for their practice or research. Temporal lobe epilepsy an overview sciencedirect topics. Interactive effects of seizure frequency and lateralization. Arriving at the correct epilepsy syndrome andor etiology allows better decisionmaking about treatment and improves patient care. People with drugresistant medial temporal lobe epilepsy have a higher risk for memory and mood difficulties. Recurrent excitation and the development of seizures have been associated with aberrant mossy fiber sprouting in the hippocampus. Temporal lobe epilepsy tle is seizure activity affecting the temporal lobe of the brain. In this issue of neurology, a group of epilepsy specialists report how they tested their ability to diagnose temporal lobe epilepsy tle by listening to descriptions of the spells of 88 patients seizure identification by clinical description in tle. Longterm effects of temporal lobe epilepsy on local.
It then discusses the clinical picture of different forms of temporal lobe epilepsy and common findings on. When epilepsy affects you for long periods, you may notice changes in your behavior, your feelings, and in how you see the world. This study is an effort to investigate deeper those patients who fail anterior temporal lobectomy for intractable epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis or normal mri. The temporal lobes are responsible for language, feelings, emotions and memory. Epilepsy is a common disorder, affecting approximately 0. The management of patients with epilepsy demands long term commitment from both the general practitioner gp and the specialist. Because volumetric studies are nonspecific, the pathophysiology of the brain damage remains to be solved. Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common type of epilepsy to cause focal seizures. Main outcomes and measures the results of noninvasive diagnostic tests and the clinical variables potentially associated with excellent surgical outcome were examined in patients with a minimum followup of 1 year mean followup, 9 years. Epilepsy james bowman,colorado state university, fort collins, colorado, usa f edward dudek,colorado state university, fort collins, colorado, usa mark spitz,university of colorado health science center, denver, colorado, usa epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures. Epilepsy currents surveys and comments on all important research and developments in a format that is easy to read and reference. The draft manuscript was prepared by an international task force under the leadership of robert fisher and then presented to all for comment. A history of febrile seizures especially complex febrile seizures is common in tle and is frequently associated with mesial temporal sclerosis the commonest form of tle. The underpinnings of common forms of tle in many instances begin in early life with the occurrence of an initial precipitating event.
This is a type of partial seizure meaning it occurs on only one hemisphere of the brain. The requirement for ictal eeg recordings prior to temporal lobe epilepsy surgery doherty, colin p. Temporal lobe seizures initiate in the temporal lobes of your brain, which process emotions and are important for shortterm memory. In all patients a unilateral or predominantly unilateral temporal eeg focus was found. The requirement for ictal eeg recordings prior to temporal. Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy mtle, the most common epilepsy in adults, is generally intractable and is suspected to be the result of recurrent excitation or inhibition circuitry. Temporal lobe epilepsy is one of 20 different kinds of epilepsy. Apr 01, 2020 for years, wilson and colleagues and the group at ucla have been recording from single units in the hippocampus of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. I have been looking for any studies that try to correlate epilepsy i have left temporal lobe epilepsy with premonitions. We hypothesized that patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy tle with hippocampal sclerosis would perform worse than patients with lateral tle in both verbal and design fluency. Some symptoms of a temporal lobe seizure may be related to these functions, including having odd feelings such as euphoria, deja vu or fear.
Here, aetiologies, disease courses and outcomes of adult onset mtle patients treated at this tertiary epilepsy centre are studied. Mtle usually starts before adulthood and is most frequently associated with hippocampal sclerosis hs. Mti is an mr imaging technique more sensitive to subtle. The new england journal of medicine of waiting for years until multiple anticonvulsant drugs have failed. Temporal lobe epilepsy represents the largest group of patients with treatment resistantmedically intractable epilepsy undergoing epilepsy surgery. It is named for one of the first individuals to categorize the symptoms, norman geschwind, who published prolifically on the topic from 1973 to 1984. Epilepsy is a brain disorder that causes changes in brain cell activity that result in seizures, periods of unusual behavior or feelings, and in some cases a loss of consciousness. Causes, presentation and outcome of lesional adult onset. The inclusion of reflex epilepsy syndromes in a practical clinical definition of epilepsy now brings these individuals into the epilepsy community. The prime requirements are a complete diagnosis, selection of optimal. Hippocampal sclerosis hs is the commonest cause of temporal lobe epilepsy which accounts for 350% of all epilepsy syndromes. Namely, why are there so many great writers with epilepsy. These seizures originate in the temporal lobe of the brain, hence the name.
Temporal lobe epilepsy is arguably the most common form of human epilepsy. Partialonset epilepsies account for about 60% of all adult epilepsy cases, and temporal lobe epilepsy tle is the most common type of partial epilepsy referred for epilepsy surgery and often refractory to antiepileptic drugs aeds. Temporal lobe epilepsy tle is drugresistant localizationrelated epilepsy with a favorable seizure outcome after surgery 1,2. Hippocampal onset accounts for at least 80% of all temporal lobe seizures. It is a chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked epileptic seizures epilepsy which originate in the temporal lobe of the brain. The overwhelming urge to write and to write constantly and a form of epilepsy appear to come from the same part of the brain. Secondary generalisation is much less common than in extra temporal lobe epilepsy.
The revised practical definition described in this report is intended for clinical diagnosis, and might not. Temporal lobe epilepsy tle is the commonest form of focal epilepsy and represents almost 23 of cases of intractable epilepsy managed surgically. A specific anatomoelectroclinical phenotype in the temporal lobe epilepsy spectrum author links open overlay panel giuseppe didato a valentina chiesa b flavio villani a veronica pelliccia c francesco deleo a francesca gozzo c maria paola canevini b d roberto mai c roberto spreafico a massimo cossu c laura tassi c. Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures, and by the neurobiologic, cognitive, psychological, and social consequences of this condition. Attentional control in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Because the frontal lobe is responsible for planning and executing movement and personality, frontal lobe epilepsy can have a dramatic effect on a patients quality of life. This paper outlines the various pathologic entities described in temporal lobe epilepsy, including some newly recognized epilepsy associated tumors, and briefly touch on the recent. People with temporal lobe epilepsy describe foreign emotions, a deluge of old memories flooding back or hallucinations. Purpose pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy tle is often treated with surgical intervention at some point. Mts is characterized by gliosis and atrophy of the hippocampus and related limbic structures. Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common epilepsy of adulthood, and despite a considerable genetic impact, few genetic alterations are known.
Epilepsy research provides for publication of high quality articles in both basic and clinical epilepsy research, with a special emphasis on translational research that ultimately relates to epilepsy as a human condition. We congratulate the authors for their excellent analysis of factors involved in temporal lobe epilepsy surgery failures. Simple partial seizures affect a small area of the brain and the person retains awareness. This survey covers 74 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, resistant to medication, who underwent unilateral temporal lobectomy during the years 19601969 at rigshospitalet, copenhagen.
Geschwind syndrome, also known as gastautgeschwind, is a group of behavioral phenomena evident in some people with temporal lobe epilepsy. New study supports possible lower dosing levels of. Nonlesional extratemporal lobe epilepsy surgery jama. Preoperatively all patients were socially incapacitated. Let me begin by saying that this is a very timely topic. Feelings of depression or anxiety are especially common.
When applied to the presurgical evaluation of patients, it has poor specificity. Temporal lobe epilepsy radiology reference article. Temporal lobe epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition, the main symptoms of which are recurrent, unprovoked seizures. Electroencephalographic features of temporal lobe epilepsy volume 37 issue 4 mohammed m.
Patients with extratemporal lobe epilepsy do not differ from. Mesial temporal sclerosis and temporal lobe epilepsy. The international league against epilepsy ilae diagnostic manuals goal is to assist clinicians who look after people with epilepsy to diagnose the epilepsy syndrome and if possible the etiology of the epilepsy. We were interested to find out if there is also selective subcortical atrophy in patients suffering from long standing extratemporal lobe epilepsy. We are pleased to announce to our readers that epileptic disorders 2018 impact factor has increased to 2. Exposure nonlesional extratemporal lobe epilepsy surgery. Studies have shown that recurrent seizures affect all aspects of cognitive functioning, including memory, language, praxis, executive functions, and social judgment, among several others. The onset of temporallobe epilepsy extended back to the first decade of life in 21 patients and to the second decade in 16 of the patients. A presurgical evaluation in children, semiology of epileptic seizure, etiology, palliative surgery and. In this process emotions are important for shortterm memory.
33 446 1476 1489 604 353 157 453 156 143 304 373 809 541 264 712 487 1583 1600 776 417 1062 711 256 888 799 433 339 1039 903 900 341 58 1158 816 518 627 1328 922 1342 356 1211